4.3.1 Finland: A chronology of important dates 1100-1600
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This article is from the Nordic countries FAQ, by Antti Lahelma and Johan Olofsson, with numerous contributions by others.
4.3.1 Finland: A chronology of important dates 1100-1600
(A brief chronicle is to find in the section 4.3.3.)
(for the period 1155-1809, see also the Swedish history section)
1155
The First Crusade to Finland, launched by Swedes and led by the
English bishop Henry and the Swedish king Erik (later canonized
and made Sweden's patron saint, St.Erik, and Finland's patron
saint, St.Henry, respectively ).
1156
According to the legend, bishop Henry is murdered by the
peasant Lalli on the frozen surface of lake Köyliö.
1229
The bishop's seat is moved from Nousiainen to Koroinen in the
vicinity of modern Turku; the year is considered to be the
founding year of Turku, which becomes the capital of the
eastern half of the kingdom.
1249
After a pagan uprising, the Second Crusade to Tavastia (a
province of western/central Finland) is launched by Birger Jarl
and the pagans are defeated.
1293
The Third Crusade by Sweden's marsk Torgils Knutsson to
Karelia, a province of eastern Finland, establishes the
borderline between Catholic West and Orthodox East for the
centuries to come. The castle and town of Viipuri/Viborg are
founded to defend the border.
1323
The peace of Nöteburg (Pähkinäsaari) between Sweden and Russia.
Finland's eastern border is defined for the first time.
1350
The first Swedish national law replaced the local provincial
laws.
1362
Finns receive the right to participate in the election of the
king.
1387/97-1523
The era of the Kalmar Union, with Finland, Sweden, Denmark
Norway and Iceland united as a single kingdom.
1495-97
War against Russia. During a siege of Viipuri, just as the
Russians are about to get over the city walls, St. Andrew's
cross appears in the sky and the frightened Russians flee from
battle. In reality, what happened was probably the exploding of
a gunpowder tower.
1527
Reformation. Finland becomes Lutheran with the rest of Sweden.
1550
Helsinki founded by Gustav Vasa, but remains little more than a
fishing village for more than two centuries.
1551
Mikael Agricola, a bishop of Turku, publishes his translation
of the New Testament in Finnish.
1595
The peace of Täyssinä (Teusina); Finland's borders are moved
further east and north.
1596-97
The Cudgel War.
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