Q6.13 What is important to know about region Sardinia: Modern history
Description
This article is from the Italy FAQ, by Gianluigi Sartori gg@angel.stanford.edu, Paolo Fiorini fiorini@telerobotics.jpl.nasa.gov with numerous contributions by others.
Q6.13 What is important to know about region Sardinia: Modern history
In 1479, as a result of the personal union of Ferran II of Aragon and Isabel
of Castile (the so-called Catholic king and queen), married ten years earlier,
was born the Crown of Spain. Even the kingdom of Sardinia (which in the new
title was separated from Corsica since that island never was conquered)
became Spanish, with the state symbol that of the Four Moors. Following
the failure of the military ventures against the Musulmen of Tunis (1535)
and Algiers (1541) Carlos V of Spain, in order to defend his Mediterranean
territories from the pirate raids by the African Berbers,
fortified the Sardinian shores with a system of coastal lookout towers. The
kingdom of Sardinia remained Iberian for approximately four hundred years,
from 1323 to 1720, assimilating a number of the Spanish traditions, customs,
linguistic expressions and lifestyles, nowadays vividly portrayed in the
folklore parades of S.Efisio in Cagliari (May lst), by the Cavalcade in
Sassari (last but one Sunday in May) and by the Redeemer in Nuoro
(August 28th).
In 1708 as a conseguence of the Spanish War of Succession, the rule of the
Kingdom of Sardinia passed into the hands of the Austrians who landed on
the island.
In 1717 cardinal Alberoni, minister of Felipe V of Spain, reoccupied Sardinia.
In 1718 with the traty of London, the kingdom of Sardinia was handed over to
the Dukes of Savoy, prices of Piedmont, who rendered it perfect from imperfect
attributing it the summa potestas that is the authority to stipulate
international treaties. The kingdom was then italianized.
In 1799, as a consequence of the Napoleonic wars in Italy, the dukes of Savoy
left Turin and took refuge in Cagliari for some fifteen years. The tomb of
Carlo Emanuele of Savoy is in the cript of Cagliari Cathedral.
In 1847 the sardinian spontaneously renounced their state autonomy and formed
a fusion with Piedmont in order to have a single parliament. a single
magistracy and a single government in Turin. The throne of the kingdom of
Sardinia is in the Royal Palace in Turin.
In 1848 the Wars of indipendence broke out for the Unification of Italy and
were led by the kings of Sardinia for thirteen years.
In 1861 the kingdom of Sardinia was transformed into the Italian state
founded.
Contemporary age
In 1946 by popular referendum Italy became a Republic. Sardinia, administered
since 1948 by special statute, is today on of the twenty Italian regions, with
1,628,690 inhabitants spread out over the provinces of Cagliari, Sassari,
Oristano and Nuoro, retracing more or less the territories of the four
ancient and glourios giudicali states.
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