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42. How does form affect the muscles that are worked?




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This article is from the Fitness FAQ, by Jeff Gleixner (glex@cray.com) with numerous contributions by others.

42. How does form affect the muscles that are worked?

From: Tim Mansfield <timbomb@cs.uq.oz.au>
This is a summary of an interview with John Parillo entitled "Form vs
Structure" by Greg Zulak, Musclemag International, #136, September
1993.

Parillo argues in the interview that what some people take to be
genetic differences between two trainees, who do the same exercise but
gain different results, may in fact be the result of differing exercise
form. Small differences in the execution of the exercise can stress
entirely different muscles or parts of muscles.

 	Exercise	variation			muscles exercised
 	-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 	Bent Row	pinch shoulder blades		rhomboids, trapezius
 			shoulders down			lats, teres
 			bar to stomach			rear delt, lower lat 
 							as well
 
 	Chins		lean back			upper lats, teres
 			lean forward, knees up		lower lats
 
 	Pulldowns	stay vertical, pull elbows
 			to bottom, not back, shoulders 
 			down at bottom of movement	lower lats
 			arched back, elbows behind	upper lats
 
 	Bent Lateral	straighten arms at top		rear delt
 			leave arms bent, pinch shoulder
 			blades				rhomboids
 
 	Behind Neck Press	keep shoulders lowered at the top	
 
 	Bench Press	sternum arched, shoulders 
 			down and back			pecs
 			chest flat, shoulders raised	front delt
 
 	Flyes		as for bench press
 
 	Tricep Extensions
 			elbows wide, bar moves 
 			straight			tricep belly
 			elbows in, bar moves in an
 			arc				tricep heads
 
 	Bicep curls	supinated (palm down?) at top	outside head
 			pronated (palm up?) at top	inside head
 
 	Squats		hips forward at start of raise	thighs
 			hips back and up at start	lower back, glutes
 			narrow stance, toes forward,
 			push with balls of feet		front thigh
 			wider stance, toes out,
 			push with heels			outer thigh
 
 	Calf Raises	toes straight, heels turned in 
 			at the top			inner head
 			toes straight, heels turned out
 			at the top			outer head
 			seated, feet under body		soleus
 
 	Stiff-Legged
 	Deadlifts	arched back, pivot from hip	hamstrings
 			rounded back, pivot from lower
 			back				lower back (dangerous)
 			arched back, pivot from hips
 			drive hips forward at 2/3 point,
 			squeeze glutes			glutes

 

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