This article is from the Puzzles FAQ, by Chris Cole chris@questrel.questrel.com and Matthew Daly mwdaly@pobox.com with numerous contributions by others.
You have ten boxes; each contains nine balls. The balls in one box
weigh 0.9 kg; the rest weigh 1.0 kg. You have one weighing on an
accurate scale to find the box containing the light balls. How do you
do it?
logic/weighing/box.s
Number the boxes 0-9. Take 0 balls from box 0, 1 ball from box 1, 2
balls from box 2, etc. Now weigh all those balls and follow this
table:
If odd box is Weight is 0 45 kg 1 44.9 kg 2 44.8 kg 3 44.7 kg 4 44.6 kg 5 44.5 kg 6 44.4 kg 7 44.3 kg 8 44.2 kg 9 44.1 kg
 
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