71 Planetary Mission References part3
Description
This article is from the Space FAQ, by Jon Leech leech@cs.unc.edu and Mark Bradford tla@surly.org with numerous contributions by others.
71 Planetary Mission References part3
CLEMENTINE - Joint mission of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
(formerly SDIO) and NASA to flight test sensors developed by Lawrence
Livermore for BMDO. The spacecraft, built by the Naval Research Lab, was
launched on January 25, 1994 to a 425 km by 2950 km orbit of the Moon
for a 2 month mapping mission. Instruments onboard include UV to mid-IR
imagers, including an imaging lidar that may be able to also obtain
altimetric data for the middle latitudes of the Moon. In May 1994 the
spacecraft was sent out of Lunar orbit towards a flyby of the asteroid
Geographos, but a malfunction in the onboard computer system resulted in
loss of all attitude control fuel and inability to complete the mission.
Clementine imagery and other data may be obtained from
http://clementine.s1.gov/
http://www.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/
CLUSTER - ESA project using four spacecraft to study the Earth's plasma
environment. The Ariane 5 booster failed shortly after launch on June 4,
1996 and the mission was lost.
EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM (EOS) - Multiple orbiting platforms to provide
long-term data of Earth systems science including planetary evolution.
Platform launches are scheduled throughout the late 1990s. More info in
in the sci.geo.eos FAQ, or
http://spso2.gsfc.nasa.gov/spso_homepage.html
GALILEO - Jupiter orbiter and atmosphere probe. Galileo was launched
from the Space Shuttle on October 18, 1989 into a complex trajectory
making use of gravity assists from Venus and (twice) the Earth to gain
enough energy to reach Jupiter. The High Gain Antenna failed to deploy
despite repeated attempts; A combination of data compression on the
spacecraft and enhancements to the receiving antennas in the Deep Space
Network should allow Galileo to achieve the majority 70% of its original
science objectives using the much lower speed Low Gain Antenna. Longterm
Jovian weather monitoring, which is imagery intensive, will suffer the
most.
Galileo return the first resolved images of asteroids, Gaspra and Ida,
while in transit to Jupiter. It arrived in Jupiter orbit on December 7,
1995. The atmospheric probe mission was successful and its data has been
returned to Earth. Several satellite encounters have been completed and
the mission is continuing.
Galileo Orbital Tour Schedule ----------------------------- 12/95 - 10/97 - Orbital Tour of Jovian Moons 06/26/96 - Ganymede-1 09/06/96 - Ganymede-2 11/04/96 - Callisto-3 11/06/96 - Europa-3A 12/19/96 - Europa-4 01/20/97 - Europa-5A 02/20/97 - Europa-6 04/04/97 - Europa-7A 04/05/97 - Ganymede-7 05/06/97 - Callisto-8A 05/07/97 - Ganymede-8 06/25/97 - Callisto-9 06/26/97 - Ganymede-9A 09/17/97 - Callisto-10 11/06/97 - Europa-11
See
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/
HITEN (MUSES-A) - Japanese (ISAS) lunar probe launched 1/24/90. Made
multiple lunar flybys and released Hagoromo, a smaller satellite, into
lunar orbit. This mission made Japan the third nation to orbit a
satellite around the Moon. Hiten impacted the lunar surface on 4/10/93.
INFRARED SPACE OBSERVATORY (ISO) - ESA space telescope, launched
11/17/95. Instruments include an imaging photopolarimeter, camera, and
two spectroscopes. See
http://isowww.estec.esa.nl/
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