This article is from the Apple II Csa2 FAQ, by Jeff Hurlburt with numerous contributions by others.
This problem seems to crop up from time to time, especially when a SCSI
interface is present and when no device is connected and recognized on the SCSI
chain. (For example, you may have only a Zip Drive connected to your SCSI
interface; but, it is not powered ON or no Zip disk is inserted.)
Evidently, something (e.g. a register or softswitch) involved in the usual
GS power-up routine relating to on-line devices gets messed up. Arranging to
have some active, on-line device on the SCSI chain (or removing the SCSI card)
seems to help reduce frequency of the problem.
A nearly certain fix is inserting a 3.5" diskette into Drive 1 before or
just after power-up. This usually forces recognition of 3.5" diskette drives
and enables correct functioning.
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