17 When did the war end? (U.S. Civil War)
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This article is from the U.S. Civil War FAQ, by Justin M. Sanders jsanders@jaguar1.usouthal.edu with numerous contributions by others.
17 When did the war end? (U.S. Civil War)
9 April 1865, Gen. R.E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia at
Appomattox Courthouse, VA
26 April 1865, Gen. J.E. Johnston surrendered the Army of Tennessee et al.
at Durham, NC
4 May 1865, Gen. Richard Taylor surrendered Dept. of Alabama,
Mississippi, and Eastern Louisiana at Citronelle, AL
13 May 1865, engagement at Palmito Ranch, near Brownsville, TX, often
taken to be the last engagement of the war
2 June 1865, Gen. E.K. Smith surrendered the Trans-Mississippi Department
at Galveston, TX (the surrender had been agreed to by Smith's
representative, Lt Gen S.B. Buckner, in New Orleans on 26 May)
23 June 1865, Brig. Gen. Stand Watie's troops in the Indian Territory
surrendered at Doaksville. Watie was the last general to surrender
his troops.
13 June 1865, Pres. Johnson proclaimed the insurrection in Tennessee
at an end. (Messages and Papers of the Presidents, V, p3515)
4 Nov 1865, The raider CSS Shenandoah surrendered in Liverpool to British
authorities. For several months after the surrender of ground forces,
this last of the CSA's naval vessels had been burning USA shipping,
with her captain, James I. Waddell, still thinking the war was in
progress. Her last fight was against a whaling fleet in the Bering
Sea on 28 Jun 1865. After this, the vessel was the object of a
worldwide search. On August 2, Waddell had contact with a British
ship, whose captain informed him that the CSA was no more. With this
in mind, he put guns below decks and sailed to England, where the
ship was surrendered to the British Admiralty. Upon the boarding of
the vessel by British authorities, the last sovereign Confederate
flag was furled. [contrib. by PDunn]
2 Apr 1866, Pres. Johnson proclaimed the insurrection ended in all the
former Confederate States except Texas. This was his recognition of
the legitimacy of the governments formed under his Reconstruction
proclamation. (Mess. & Papers, V, p3627)
20 Aug 1866, Pres. Johnson proclaimed that Texas had complied with the
conditions of his Reconstruction proclamation and declared the
insurrection in Texas at an end. (Mess. & Paper, V, p3632)
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