This article is from the James Joyce FAQ, by Martin Foutsjames-joyce-faq@usenet.nospam.fogey.com with numerous contributions by others.
Why did Joyce call Stephen "Dedalus"?
In his biography of Joyce, Richard Ellmann wrote
To suggest the Christian and pagan elements in his mind, even to the point
of absurdity, Joyce called himself Stephen Daedalus (then, to make it a
little less improbable, Stephen Dedalus) after Christianity's first martyr
and paganism's greatest inventor. Stephen would be a saint of literature,
and like Dedalus would invent wings to soar beyond his compatriots, and a
labyrinth, a mysterious art based on great cunning.
 
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