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This article is from the Research Concerning Big Folks FAQ, by sharon@ecs.ox.ac.uk (Sharon Curtis) with numerous contributions by others.

A6) Fatness and Fitness

[Bjo+] P. Bjorntorp et al.:
"Physical training in human obesity. 3. Effects of long-term
physical training on body composition"
Metabolism, 1973, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1467--1475

[Bla+] Blair, Kohl, Paffenbarger, Clark, Cooper & Gibbons:
"Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality. A Prospective Study of
Healthy Men and Women"
Journal of the American Medical Association, 1989, vol. 262, pp. 2395--2401

[KDSA] T.A.Kaplan, S.L.Digel, V.A.Scavo, S.B.Arellana:
"Effect of obesity on injury risk in high school football players"
Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine 1995, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 43--47
98 high school football players were studied. The fat players
showed a similar risk of injury to the thin players, but the
heavy players (over 90 kg) showed a 2.5 greater risk of injury
than the light players.

[KB] M. Krotkiewski & P. Bjorntorp:
"Muscle Tissue in Obesity with Different Distribution of
Adipose Tissue. Effects of physical Training"
International Journal of Obesity, 1986, vol.10, pp. 331--341

[Kro+] M.Krotkiewski et al:
"Effects of long-term physical training on bodyfat, metabolism,
and blood pressure in Obesity"
Metabolism, 1979, vol. 28, p650
They physically trained 27 women with varying degrees of
obesity for 6 months on an ad lib diet. They found that
obese women with fewer fat cells lost weight, whereas
women with severe obesity and more fat cells even gained
weight. Blood pressure consistently decreased.

[KBVA] N. L. Keim et al.:
"Energy expenditure and physical performance in overweight women:
response to training with and without caloric restriction"
Metabolism, June 1990, vl. 39, no. 6, pp. 651--658
Notes various statistics for 10 women (big study data, eh?)
of above average size but not huge, on a 14 week study. Half
took exercise only, half took exercise and diet restriction.
The study notes various body composition and VO2 statistics,
and concludes that the diet+exercise combination resulted in
more fat-loss.

[Ok] K. Okada:
"Effects of long-term corporate fitness program on employees' health"
Journal of Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol Tokyo, December 1991, Suppl. 37, S131-8
The purpose of this study was to assess the affects of
a long-term corporate fitness program. 1499 male employees
had medical checkups, physical fitness tests and physical
training. Results included that the proportion of obese
workers showed no change; physical fitness was noticeably
improved; there was a decrease in the percentage of smokers;
there were no significant changes in total cholesterol levels
nor in incidences of hypertriglyceridemia or
hypercholestrolemia.

[SS] K. R. Segal & F. X. Pi Sunyer
"Exercise and Obesity"
Med. Clin. North American. January 1989, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 217--236
They suggest it is unlikely that resting metabolism is
altered by exercise, either long-term or acutely (and go
on to suggest a combination of caloric restriction and
physical training for fat loss).

 

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