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12.9 Where can I find the composition of common named reagents? (Chemistry)




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This article is from the Chemistry FAQ, by Bruce Hamilton B.Hamilton@irl.cri.nz with numerous contributions by others.

12.9 Where can I find the composition of common named reagents? (Chemistry)

Often the best place to start are MSDS sheets or catalogues from commercial
suppliers. Some textbooks include a list of named reagents and their
composition that are mentioned in the text. The very common reagents are
usually also detailed in Hawley or the Merck Index. One chemistry field that
has a lot of named reagents is analytical chemistry, especially in Thin Layer
Chromatography, where many of the spray detection reagents have common names.
Merck produces a handy guide describing the composition and production of
common TLC spray reagents [12].

Some common reagents include:-
- aqua regia = 1 part nitric acid and 3 or 4 parts hydrochloric acid.
- piranha solution = highly dangerous ( explodes on contact with traces of
organics ), warm (65C), 70:30 mixture of 100% sulfuric acid and 30%
hydrogen peroxide. It is used, with comprehensive safety precautions,
in the semiconductor industry, and also in some laboratories to clean
glassware [13,14,15]. Many chemical laboratories prohibit it, and there
are much safer, equally effective, alternatives available - refer
Section 16.7.

 

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