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Hard Drive: SEAGATE: ST33221A MEDALIST 3227MB 3.5"/SL ULTRA ATA




S T 3 3 2 2 1 A         M E D A L I S T    SEAGATE
                                                      Native|  Translation
                                                      ------+-----+-----+-----
Form                 3.5"/SLIMLINE         Cylinders        | 6253|  781| 1024
Capacity form/unform  3227/      MB        Heads           4|   16|     |   16
Seek time   / track  11.0/ 1.7 ms          Sector/track     |   63|   63|   63
Controller           ULTRA ATA             Precompensation
Cache/Buffer           128 KB MULTI-SEGMEN Landing Zone
Data transfer rate   16.000 MB/S int       Bytes/Sector      512
                     33.300 MB/S ext UDMA
Recording method     PRML 16/17,ZBR                 operating  | non-operating
                                                  -------------+--------------
Supply voltage     5/12 V       Temperature *C         5 55    |    -40 60
Power: sleep              W     Humidity     %                 |
       standby        0.9 W     Altitude    km                 |
       idle           4.9 W     Shock        g        10       |     75
       seek           9.1 W     Rotation   RPM      5400
       read/write         W     Acoustic   dBA        30
       spin-up            W     ECC        Bit
                                MTBF         h     300000
                                Warranty Month        36
Lift/Lock/Park     YES          Certificates

Layout

SEAGATE ST38641A INSTALLATION GUIDE

                         J2  40 pin I/O Cable Connection
                         |   pin-20 removed
                         |
              +--------- |---------+-------1-/---------\    TOP (HDA)
             -+::::::::::*::::::::1| : : : : | 0 0 0 0 |--
              +--------------------+8|-|-|-|-+-5-G-G-12+    BOTTOM
                                     | | | |
              Master ON, Slave OFF --+ | | |
    Slave Present (when Master ON) ----+ | |
     Cable Select (when Slave OFF) ----+ | |
                          Reserved ------+ |
                    Limit capacity --------+

Limit Capacity jumper sets the default cylinder translation
to 4092 to solve issues with certain BIOS that only auto-detect.
Total available sectors are still at full capacity as reported via
Identify Drive data words 52 - 61. Third party partitioning
software may be needed to achieve full capacity if this option
jumper is used.

Jumpers

SEAGATE ST38641A INSTALLATION GUIDE

Jumper settings
===============

Master/slave configuration
--------------------------
You must establish a master/slave relationship between two drives
that are attached to a single AT bus. You can configure a drive to be
a master or slave by setting the master/slave jumpers.

These drives support master/slave configuration using the cable
select option. This requires a special daisy-chain cable that grounds
pin 28 (CSEL) on one of its two drive connectors. If you attach the
drive to the grounded CSEL connector, it becomes a master. If you
attach the drive to the ungrounded CSEL connector, it becomes a
slave. To use this option, the host system and both drives must
support cable select, and both drives must be configured for cable
select. To configure this drive for cable select, install a jumper.

For the master drive to recognize the slave drive using the DASP-
signal, the slave drive must assert the DASP- signal at power up, and
the master drive must monitor DASP- at power up.

Alternate capacity jumper
-------------------------
Some older computers may "hang" if their BIOS detects a hard drive
that has more than 4,092 cylinders at startup. To allow these
computers to recognize the ST38641A, the ST36531A, the ST34321 or the
ST33221A, these drives include a capacity-limiting jumper, which sets
the drive's default translation geometry to 4,092 cylinders. This
limits the drive's capacity to 2.1 Gbytes, unless third-party
software is used.

Identify Drive command
----------------------
The Identify Drive command (command code ECH) transfers information
about the drive to the host following power up. The data is organized
as a single 512-byte block of data. All reserved bits or words should
be set to zero. Parameters listed with an "x" are drive-specific or
vary with the state of the drive.

Note. If the alternate capacity jumper is installed on these drives,
the drive capacity is reduced in word 1 to 4,092 cylinders.

                         J2  40 pin I/O Cable Connection
                         |   pin-20 removed
                         |
              +--------- |---------+-------1-/---------\    TOP (HDA)
             -+::::::::::*::::::::1| : : : : | 0 0 0 0 |--
              +--------------------+8|-|-|-|-+-5-G-G-12+    BOTTOM
                                     | | | |
              Master ON, Slave OFF --+ | | |
    Slave Present (when Master ON) ----+ | |
     Cable Select (when Slave OFF) ----+ | |
                          Reserved ------+ |
                    Limit capacity --------+

Limit Capacity jumper sets the default cylinder translation
to 4092 to solve issues with certain BIOS that only auto-detect.
Total available sectors are still at full capacity as reported via
Identify Drive data words 52 - 61. Third party partitioning
software may be needed to achieve full capacity if this option
jumper is used.

Install

SEAGATE ST38641A MEDALIST INSTALLATION GUIDE

Notes on installation
=====================

Installation direction
----------------------

     horizontally                           vertically
   +-----------------+             +--+                       +--+
   |                 |             |  +-----+           +-----+  |
   |                 |             |  |     |           |     |  |
 +-+-----------------+-+           |  |     |           |     |  |
 +---------------------+           |  |     |           |     |  |
                                   |  |     |           |     |  |
                                   |  |     |           |     |  |
 +---------------------+           |  +-----+           +-----+  |
 +-+-----------------+-+           +--+                       +--+
   |                 |
   |                 |
   +-----------------+

The drive will operate in all axis (6 directions).

Drive mounting
--------------
You can mount the drive in any orientation using four screws in the
side-mounting holes or four screws in the bottom-mounting holes.

 Important mounting precautions:
 -------------------------------
 - Allow a minimum clearance of 0.030 inches (0.76 mm) around the
   entire perimeter of the drive for cooling.

- Use only 6 -32 UNC mounting screws.

 - Do not insert the mounting screws more than 0.25 inches (6.25 mm)
   into the mounting holes.

- Do not overtighten the mounting screws (maximum torque: 3 inch-lb).

 - Do not use a drive interface cable that is more than 18 inches
   long.

ATA interface
-------------
These drives use the industry-standard ATA task file interface that
supports 16-bit data transfers. It supports ATA programmed
input/output (PIO) modes 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4; multiword DMA modes 0, 1
and 2; and Ultra DMA modes 0, 1 and 2. The drive also supports the
use of the IORDY signal to provide reliable high-speed data
transfers.

You can use a daisy-chain cable to connect two drives to a single AT
host bus. For detailed information regarding the ATA interface, refer
to the draft of AT Attachment with Packet Interface Extension (ATA/
ATAPI-4), NCITS T13 1153D, subsequently referred to as the Draft
ATA-4 Standard.

Features

SEAGATE ST38641A MEDALIST INSTALLATION GUIDE

Introduction
------------
The Medalist 8641 (ST38641A), Medalist 6531 (ST36531A), Medalist
4321 (ST34321A), Medalist 3221 (ST33221A) and Medalist 2110
(ST32110A) provide the following key features:

- Low power consumption

- Quiet operation

- Support for S.M.A.R.T. drive monitoring and reporting

 - High instantaneous (burst) data-transfer rates (up to 33.3 Mbytes
   per second) using Ultra DMA mode 2

 - Full-track multiple-sector transfer capability without local
   processor intervention

- 128-Kbytes cache

- State-of-the-art caching and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms

- Support for Read Multiple and Write Multiple commands

 - Support for autodetection of master/slave drives that use cable
   select (CSEL)

 - These drives use MR recording heads and PRML technology, which
   provides the drives with increased areal density.

Drive specifications
--------------------
Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient
conditions, at 25*C, and nominal power. For convenience, the phrases
the drive and this drive are used throughout this manual to indicate
the ST38641A, ST36531A, ST34321A, ST33221A and the ST32110A.

Note. DOS systems cannot access more than 528 Mbytes on a drive
unless 1) the host system supports and is configured for LBA
addressing or for extended CHS addressing, 2) the host system
contains a specialized drive controller, or 3) the host system runs
BIOS translation software. Contact your Seagate (r) repre-sentative
for details.

LBA Mode
--------
When addressing either drive in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are
consecutively numbered from 0 to n - 1, where n is the number of
guaranteed sectors as defined above.

Supported CHS translation geometries
------------------------------------
These drives support any translation geometry that satisfies all of
the following conditions:

- Sectors per track - 63
- Heads - 16

 The ST38641A logical cylinders are:
    Logical cylinders=16,809,660

 The ST36531A logical cylinders are:
     Logical cylinders=12,706,470

 The ST34321A logical cylinders are:
     Logical cylinders=8,404,830

 The ST33221A logical cylinders are:
     Logical cylinders=6,303,024

 The ST32110A logical cylinders are:
     Logical cylinders= 4,124,736

Internal data-transfer rate (Mbits per second max) 140

I/O data-transfer rate (Mbytes per second max) 16.6 (PIO mode 4 with
IORDY) 16.6 (multiword DMA mode 2)

33.3 (Ultra DMA mode 2)

Interleave 1:1

Cache buffer (Kbytes) 128

Seek time
---------
All seek times are measured using a 486 AT computer (or faster) with
a 8.3 MHz I/O bus. The measurements are taken with nominal power at
25*C ambient temperature. All times are measured using drive
diagnostics.

 Power Specifications
 --------------------
 The drive receives DC power (+5V or +12V) through a four-pin standard
 drive power connector.

Power consumption
-----------------
Power requirements for the drives are listed in the table on page 9.
Typical power measurements are based on an average of drives tested
under nominal conditions, using 5.0V input voltage at 25*C ambient
temperature.

Spinup power is measured from the time of power-on to the time that
the drive spindle reaches operating speed.

During seek mode, the read/write actuator arm moves toward a specific
position on the disc surface and does not execute a read or write
operation. Servo electronics are active. Seek mode power represents
the worst case power consumption, using only random seeks with read
or write latency time. This mode is not typical and is provided for
worst-case information.

Read/Write power and current are measured with the heads on track,
based on a 16-sector write followed by a 32-msec delay, then a
16-sector read followed by a 32-msec delay.

Operating power and current are measured using 40 percent random
seeks, 40 percent read/write mode (1 write for each 10 reads), and 20
percent drive inactive.

Idle mode power is measured with the drive up to speed, with servo
electronics active, and with the heads in a random track location.
During Standby mode, the drive accepts commands, but the drive is not
spinning, and the servo and read/write electronics are in power-down
mode.

 Conducted noise
 ---------------
 Input noise ripple is measured at the host system power supply across
 an equivalent 80-ohm resistive load on the +12 volt line or an
 equivalent 15-ohm resistive load on the +5 volt line.

 - Using 12-volt power, the drive is expected to operate with a
   maximum of 120 mV peak-to-peak square-wave injected noise at up to
   10 MHz.

 - Using 5-volt power, the drive is expected to operate with a maximum
   of 100 mV peak-to-peak square-wave injected noise at up to 10 MHz.
   Note. Equivalent resistance is calculated by dividing the nominal
   voltage by the typical RMS read/write current.

Voltage tolerance
-----------------
Voltage tolerance (including noise): 5V 5% and 12V 10%

Active mode. The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and
seek operations.

Idle mode. The buffer remains enabled, and the drive accepts all
commands and returns to Active mode any time disc access is
necessary.

Standby mode. The drive enters Standby mode when the host sends a
Standby Immediate command. If the host has set the standby timer, the
drive can also enter Standby mode automatically after the drive has
been inactive for a specifiable length of time. The standby timer
delay is established using a Standby or Idle command. In Standby
mode, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive
accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time disc access
is necessary.

Sleep mode. The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep
command from the host. The heads are parked and the spindle is at
rest.

The drive leaves Sleep mode after it receives a Hard Reset or Soft
Reset from the host. After receiving a reset, the drive exits Sleep
mode and enters Active mode with all current translation parameters
intact.

Standby timers. Each time the drive performs an Active function
(read, write or seek), the standby timer is reinitialized and begins
counting down from its specified delay times to zero. If the standby
timer reaches zero before any drive activity is required, the drive
makes a transition to Standby mode. In both Idle and Standby mode,
the drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode when disc
access is necessary.

Shock
------
All shock specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely
with the input shock applied at the drive mounting screws. Shock may
be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.

Operating shock
---------------
These drives comply with the performance levels specified in this
document when subjected to a maximum operating shock of 10.0 Gs
(based on half-sine shock pulses of 11 msec, as specified in
MIL-STD-202F).

Shocks are not to be repeated more than two times per second.

Nonoperating shock
------------------
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experience without
incurring physical damage or degradation in performance when
sub-sequently put into operation is 75 Gs (based on nonrepetitive
halfsine shock pulses of 11 msec duration) or 200 Gs (based on
nonrepetitive halfsine shock pulses of 2 msec duration). Shock
pulses are defined by MIL-STD-202F.

Vibration
---------
All vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted
securely with the input vibration applied at the drive mounting
screws.

Vibration may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.

Operating vibration
-------------------
The following table lists the maximum vibration levels that the drive
may experience while meeting the performance standards specified in
this document.

          5-22 Hz 0.20-inch displacement (peak to peak)
          22-350 Hz 0.50 Gs acceleration (zero to peak)

Nonoperating vibration
----------------------
The following table lists the maximum nonoperating vibration that the
drive may experience without incurring physical damage or degradation
in performance when put into operation.

          5-22 Hz 0.10-inch displacement (peak to peak)
          22-350 Hz 5.0 Gs acceleration (zero to peak)

Drive acoustics
---------------
Drive acoustics are measured as overall A-weighted acoustic sound
power levels (no pure tones). All measurements are generally
consistent with ISO document 7779. Sound power measurements are taken
under essentially free-field conditions over a reflecting plane. For
all tests, the drive is oriented with the cover facing upward.

For the seeking mode, the drive is placed in seek only. The number of
seeks per second is defined by the following equation:

 Number of seeks per second=0.4/(average latency+average access time)

Safety certification
--------------------
The drives are recognized in accordance with UL 1950 and CSA C22.2
(950) and meet all applicable sections of IEC950 and EN 60950 as
tested by TUV North America.

Electromagnetic Compatibility
-----------------------------
Hard drives that display the CE marking comply with European Union
requirements specified in Electromagnetic Compatibility Directives.
Testing is performed to standards EN50082-1 and EN55022-B.

Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance with the
EC directives specified in the previous paragraph. Drives are tested
in representative end-user systems. Although CE-marked Seagate drives
comply with the directives when used in the test systems, we cannot
guarantee that all systems will comply with the directives. The drive
is designed for operation inside a properly designed enclosure, with
properly shielded I/O cable (if necessary) and terminators on all
unused I/O ports. Computer manufacturers and system integrators
should confirm EMC compliance and provide CE marking for their
products.

Australian C-Tick
If this model has the C-Tick marking, it complies with the
Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS3548 1995 and meets the
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of
Australia's Spectrum Management Agency (SMA).

FCC verification
----------------
These drives are intended to be contained solely within a personal
computer or similar enclosure (not attached as an external device).
As such, each drive is considered to be a subassembly even when it is
individually marketed to the customer. As a subassembly, no Federal
Communications Commission verification or certification of the device
is required.

Seagate Technology, Inc. has tested this device in enclosures as
described above to ensure that the total assembly (enclosure, disc
drive, motherboard, power supply, etc.) does comply with the limits
for a Class B computing device, pursuant to Subpart J, Part 15 of the
FCC rules.

Operation with noncertified assemblies is likely to result in
interference to radio and television reception.

Radio and Television Interference. This equipment generates and uses
radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in strict
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, may cause
interference to radio and television reception.

This equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection against
such interference in a residential installation. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause interference to radio or
television, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and
off, you are encouraged to try one or more of the following
corrective measures:

- Reorient the receiving antenna.

- Move the device to one side or the other of the radio or TV.

- Move the device farther away from the radio or TV.

 - Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the receiver and
   computer are on different branch outlets.

If necessary, you should consult your dealer or an experienced
radio/television technician for additional suggestions. You may find
helpful the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications
Commission:

How to Identify and Resolve Radio-Television Interference Problems.
This booklet is available from the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Refer to
publication number 004-000-00345-4.

Handling and static-discharge precautions
-----------------------------------------
After unpacking, and before installation, the drive may be exposed to
potential handling and electrostatic discharge (ESD) hazards. Observe
standard static-discharge precautions. A grounded wrist-strap is
preferred.

Handle the drive only by the sides of the head/disc assembly. Avoid
contact with the printed circuit board, all electronic components and
the interface connector. Do not apply pressure to the top cover of
the drive.

Always rest the drive on a padded antistatic surface until you mount
it in the host system.

S.M.A.R.T.
----------
S.M.A.R.T. provides nearterm failure prediction for disc drives.
When S.M.A.R.T. is enabled, the drive monitors predetermined drive
attributes that are susceptible to degradation over time. If
selfmonitoring determines that a failure is likely, S.M.A.R.T. makes
a status report available to the host. Not all failures are
predictable. S.M.A.R.T. predictability is limited to the attributes
the drive can monitor. For more information on S.M.A.R.T. commands
and implementation, see the Draft ATA-4 Standard. These drives are
shipped with S.M.A.R.T. features disabled. You must have a recent
BIOS or software package that supports S.M.A.R.T. to enable the
feature. The table below shows the S.M.A.R.T. command codes that
these drives use.

General

SEAGATE ATA-INTERFACE

ATA Interface Reference Manual 36111-001, Rev. C 21 May 1993
1993 Seagate Technology, Inc. All rights reserved
Publication Number: 36111-001, Rev. C

Introduction
------------
This manual describes Seagate Technology s implementation of the AT
Attachment (ATA) interface, an intelligent hard disc drive interface
for use in personal computer systems. This manual includes supported
ATA interface commands, command execution, translation methodology,
caching, power management, signal conventions, line specifications,
and interpretations of error conditions. These interface descriptions
are based on the draft proposed American National Standard (dpANS)
ATA Interface Revision 4.0. For information on a particular Seagate
ATA interface drive (including any drive-unique features not listed
in this document), refer to the product manual for the specific
drive.

Advantages of the ATA interface
-------------------------------
The ATA interface is a natural extension of the ISA system bus. Most
of the signals and circuitry necessary for the interface are already
present in the host system. The interface is easily implemented into
the design of an ISA or EISA system with little or no extension
required in the system software. It is for this reason that the ATA
interface standard has gained such wide acceptance in the personal
computer industry. The ATA interface is designated as a logic-level
interface, and responds to high-level commands from the host. The
drive itself is an intelligent device with an embedded controller
that interprets and executes the commands sent from the host. After
command execution, the drive reports information on successful
command completion, any error conditions and all parameters
appropriate to drive status queries.

Origins and implementation history
----------------------------------
The ATA interface has evolved rapidly since its initial design by
Compaq Corporation. After refining the basic ATA interface concepts
and circuitry, Compaq Corporation worked with Imprimis (now a part of
Seagate) to build the first ATA interface drive. At this stage, the
interface was far from being an accepted standard. However, it was a
natural extension of the ATA I/O bus, and gained industry-wide
acceptance because most of the necessary framework needed for the
implementation was already present in the host machine.

Initially, there were no industry-wide standards for implementing the
ATA interface, leaving manufacturers free to extend and improve upon
it. In the latter part of 1988, a Common Access Method (CAM)
committee was established to develop such standards. Their results
were adopted by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) with
the intent of creating a common ATA command specification.
The ANSI standard for the ATA interface now provides specifications
for mandatory commands, signal conventions, register descriptions and
other information necessary for basic compatibility across
manufacturers and platforms. The current ANSI specification includes
provisions for extended features such as caching and power
management, while also providing options for vendor-specific
enhancements.

Nomenclature and conventions
----------------------------
Throughout this manual, the term master refers to Drive 0 in a
two-drive system; the term slave refers to Drive 1, if present.

Signals may be asserted or negated. A signal that is asserted as a
higher positive voltage is referred to as active high. A signal that
is asserted as a lower (positive) voltage is referred to as active
low, and is indicated by a minus sign (-) following the signal name.

ATA cables and connectors
-------------------------
The standard ATA interface cable is a 40-conductor nonshielded cable.
The cable should be no more than 18 inches (457 mm) long, with
connectors that provide strain relief and are keyed at pin 20. Two
types of connectors are used on Seagate s ATA-capable drives: a
40-pin connector for 5.25-and 3.5-inch drives, and a 50-pin connector
for 2.5- and 1.8-inch drives.

Connector used on 5.25- and 3.5-inch drives
-------------------------------------------
The standard connector used on 5.25- and 3.5-inch drives has 40 pin
positions in 2 rows of 20 pins each, on 100 mil (0.1 inch) centers.
Pin 20 is removed for keying. The mating cable connector is a keyed,
40-pin-position nonshielded female connector with 2 rows of 20
contacts on 100 mil centers. For 5.25- and 3.5-inch drives,
power is supplied to the drive through a separate 4-conductor cable.

Seagate recommends using 40-pin connectors such as AMP part number
1-499496-0, Du Pont part number 66900-040, or equivalent.

Connector used on 2.5-inch drives
---------------------------------
The ATA connector on 2.5-inch drives has 50 pin positions. In
addition to the key pin, one pair of pins is removed, and the four
end pins are used as jumpers for master/slave configurations.
This leaves 44 pins to supply power and conduct signals to and from
the drive.

The signal pins (1 through 40) are assigned the same signals as in
the 40-pin connector used for 5.25- and 3.5-inch drives. Power is
supplied through pins 41, 42 and 43. The mating cable connector is a
44-conductor nonshielded connector with 2 rows of 22 female contacts
on 0.079-inch (2 mm) centers.

We recommend using a connector such as Molex part number 87259-
4413 or equivalent for 2.5-inch drives attached to flexible cables or
printed circuit cables. Some Seagate 2.5-inch drives are designed to
support the industry-standard MCC direct-mounting specifications (see
drive product manual for details). MCC-compatible connectors (such as
Molex part number 87368-442 x or equivalent) and mounting hardware
must be used with these drives in fixed-mounting applications.

System configurations
---------------------
Seagate recommends using the ATA interface in one of the following
configurations:

 - If the system motherboard has its own ATA connector, then you can
   connect the drive interface cable directly to the system
   motherboard.

 - If the system does not have a built-in ATA connector, then attach
   the interface cable to a Seagate ST07A or ST08A host adapter
   installed in a system expansion slot.

Signal / Pin descriptions
-------------------------
Note. Not all Seagate drives support the full complement of ATA
signals listed below. To determine the complete set of signals that
are supported by a particular Seagate drive, see the product manual
for that drive.

Data lines to and from host. These comprise the 16-bit tristate,
bidirectional data bus between host and drive. The lower 8-bits of
host data (0 7) are used for register and ECC access. All 16 bits are
used for data transfers.

 19 Ground Grounding pin
 20 Key An unused pin, which is clipped off at the drive to allow
    keyed cable attachment.
 21 DMARQ DMA Request (optional)
 22 Ground Grounding pin
 23 DIOW Drive I/O write strobe. Rising edge clocks data from the host
    data bus to a drive register or data port.
 24 Ground Grounding pin
 25 DIOR Drive I/O read strobe. Falling edge enables data from a drive
    register or data port to host data bus.
 26 Ground Grounding pin
 27 IORDY I/O Channel Ready (optional) - a tristate signal.
 28 SPSYNC or CSEL (optional) SPSYNC is an interdrive clock
    signal sent from the master drive to the slave drive to allow the
    slave to synchronize its spindle motor to the master drive's
    spindle motor. CSEL is used to differentiate master from slave in
    a two-drive system.
 29 DMACK DMA Acknowledge (optional)
 30 Ground Grounding pin
 31 INTRQ A tristate signal used to interrupt the host system.
    Asserted only when the drive has a pending interrupt, the drive is
    selected, and the host has cleared nIEN in the Device Control
    register.
 32 IOCS16 A tristate signal that, when active, indicates to the host
    system that the 16-bit data port has been addressed and that the
    drive is prepared to send or receive a 16-bit data word.
 33 DA1 Drive I/O address line 1: a 3-bit binary coded address
    asserted by the host to access a register or data port in the
    drive.
 34 PDIAG Passed diagnostics. Used by slave to signal to master drive
    that slave has passed its internal diagnostics.
 35 DA0 Drive I/O address line 0 (see DA1 above).
 36 DA2 Drive I/O address line 2 (see DA1 above).
 37 CS1FX Drive I/O chip select decoded from host address lines. When
    active, one of the registers in the Command Block is selected.
 38 CS3FX Drive I/O chip select decoded from host address lines. When
    active, one of the registers in the Control Block is selected.
 39 DASP Dual purpose pin:
    1) When drive is slave (SLV), this pin is used during power up to
       signal to the master that a slave is present.
    2) At all other times, the signal is active when the drive is
       executing a command, and can be used by the host I/O adapter to
       send an activity signal to an LED.
 40 Ground Grounding pin

Interface handshaking
---------------------
The main handshaking signals between the drive and the host are the
busy bit (BSY) and the data request bit (DRQ) (in the status
register) and the interrupt (INTRQ) signal. They can be set in one of
the following ways:

- Any reset will cause BSY to be set.
- Writing a command to the command register will also set BSY.

The BSY bit is used to indicate that the controller is busy and
should not be accessed.

The DRQ bit is used to control the data transfer to and from the
controller.

The host can read/write the data register only when the DRQ bit is
set to 1. The INTRQ signal is generated by the drive to interrupt the
host. For example, during a Read Sector command, the drive generates
an INTRQ to the host whenever a sector is ready for the host to read.
No INTRQ is generated immediately after completion of a Read command.
The number of interrupts equals the number of sectors read.

During a Write Sector command, the drive generates an INTRQ whenever
the drive requests data from the host (except for the first sector).
The drive also generates an interrupt immediately after completion of
a Write command. The number of interrupts equals the number of
sectors written.

ATA interface I/O registers
---------------------------
The drive communicates with the host system through an I/O register
that routes the input and output data between registers. These
registers are selected by codes on the CS1FX, CS3FX, DA2, DA1, DA0,
DIOR (read) and DIOW (write) lines from the host.

The I/O register routes data between 14 registers. Ten registers are
used for commands to the drive or status reports from the drive, one
register is used for data, and three registers are used for control
and alternate status.

These registers can be divided into two groups: Command Block
registers and Control Block registers.

PC-AT I/O port address: 3F6H
This register contains the same information as the Status register in
the command block. The only difference is that reading this register
does not imply interrupt acknowledge or reset a pending interrupt.
This register can be read at any time.

PC-AT I/O port address: 1F7H
This eight-bit register contains the host command. When this register
is written, the drive immediately begins executing the command. The
host must ensure that the BSY bit in the Status register is set to 0.

All other setup registers must be written to (with appropriate
values) before the command register can be written.

PC-AT I/O port address: 1F5H
This register contains the most significant bits of the starting
cylinder address for any disc access. At the completion of a command,
this register is updated to reflect the current cylinder address.
With logical block addressing, this register contains bits 23 through
16 of the LBA.

Cylinder Low register
PC-AT I/O port address: 1F4H
This register contains the eight least significant bits of the
starting cylinder address for any disc access. At the completion of a
command, this register is updated to reflect the current cylinder
address.

With logical block addressing, this register contains bits 15 through
8 of the LBA.

Data register
PC-AT I/O port address: 1F0H
This is the register through which:
- All data is passed during Read and Write commands.
- The sector table is transferred during format commands.
The host can only access this register when the DRQ bit in the status
register is set to 1. All transfers use 16-bit words, except the ECC
bytes transferred during Read Long and Write Long commands, which use
8 bit bytes.

Drive/Head register
The host selects between the master and slave drives based on the DRV
bit in the drive/head register. When the DRV bit is not set, the
master drive is selected, and when the DRV bit is set to 1, the slave
drive is selected. Seagate drives are designated as master and slave
by setting the appropriate jumpers.

Error register
PC-AT I/O port address: 1F1H
This register contains the status from the last command executed by
the drive, or it may contain a diagnostic code. At the completion of
any command except Execute Drive Diagnostic, the contents of this
register are valid when ERR=1 in the Status register. Following a
power on, reset, or completion of an Execute Drive Diagnostic
command, this register contains a diagnostic code.

PC-AT I/O port address: 1F2H
This register specifies the number of sectors of data to be
transferred during read/write sector commands. The value contained in
the register is decremented every time a sector is transferred. A
value of zero specifies 256 sectors. When executing the Initialize
Drive Parameters or Format commands, this register defines the number
of sectors per track.

This register is used by the power mode commands to set timers.

Sector Number register
PC-AT I/O port address: 1F3H
This register contains the starting sector number for any disc
access. At the completion of a command, this register is updated to
reflect the last sector transferred correctly, or the sector on which
an error occurred. The sectors are numbered sequentially, starting
with 1. With logical block addressing, this register contains bits 7
through 0 of the logical block address (LBA).













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