Hard Drive: QUANTUM: VP-32210R CAPELLA 2216MB 3.5"/SL SCSI2 FAST
V P - 3 2 2 1 0 R C A P E L L A QUANTUM
Native| Translation
------+-----+-----+-----
Form 3.5"/SLIMLINE Cylinders | | |
Capacity form/unform 2216/ 2824 MB Heads 8| | |
Seek time / track 9.0/ 1.0 ms Sector/track | | |
Controller SCSI2 SI/FAST/SCA Precompensation
Cache/Buffer 1024 KB SEGMENTED Landing Zone
Data transfer rate 6.900 MB/S int Bytes/Sector 512
10.000 MB/S ext
Recording method RLL 1/7 operating | non-operating
-------------+--------------
Supply voltage 5/12 V Temperature *C 5 55 | -40 66
Power: sleep W Humidity % 10 90 | 8 95
standby W Altitude km |
idle 6.3 W Shock g 10 |
seek 7.5 W Rotation RPM 5400
read/write W Acoustic dBA 35
spin-up W ECC Bit ON THE FLY,REED SOLOMON
MTBF h 800000
Warranty Month 60
Lift/Lock/Park YES Certificates
Layout
QUANTUM VP31110/32210 CAPELLA PRODUCT MANUAL 81-108335-01 4/1995
+---------------------------------------------------------+ | VP31110/32210S +--+ |XX | +--+TERMPWR |XXI | HEADER PINS |XXN | |XXT | |XXE | |XXR J1 | |XXF | |XXA | |XXC | |XXE |+-+ |XX || | |XX || |Option |XX || |J3 | |+-+ |XX Power | |XX J2 +---------------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------------------------------------------+ | VP31110/32210W/WD +--+ |XXI | +--+TERMPWR |XXN | HEADER PINS |XXT | |XXE | |XXR | |XXF J1 | |XXA | |XXC | |XXE | |+-+ |+-+ || |Option || | || | || |Option || | || |J3 |+-+ |+-+ |XX Power | |XX J2 +---------------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------------------------------------------+ | VP31110/32210R | | | | | | |XX | |XX | |XX J1 | |XX RAID | |XX | |XX | |XX | |XX | * FAULT LED |XX | |XX | | | | | * BUSY LED | +---------------------------------------------------------+
50-pin SCSI Connector (8-bit)
-----------------------------
+------------------------------------+
| Back View |
| |
+------------J1----------------J2----+
|+------------ ------------++-------+|
||oooooooooooooooooooooooo1||O O O O||
||oooooooooooooooooooooooo2|| ||
|+-------------------------++-------+|
+-----------SCSI-------------Power---+
+ +
+------------------------------------+
| Front View (Bezel End) |
| |
| |
+------------------------------------+
+--+----------+----------------------+
| |ooo oooooo20 |
+ |oooooooooo| +
+1---------J3 Option
Connector
68-pin SCSI Connector (16-bit)
------------------------------
+--------------------------------------------------+
| Back View |
| |
+------------J1------------------------------J2----+
|+-------------------------+ +---Option--++-------+|
|34ooooooooooooooooooooooo1| |o o o o o 1||O O O O||
|68ooooooooooooooooooooooo35 12 o o o o o|| ||
|+-------------------------+ +-----------++-------+|
+-----------SCSI---------------------------Power---+
+ +
+--------------------------------------------------+
| Front View (Bezel End) |
| |
| Fault LED |
+--+-----------------------------------------------+
+--+---+-------+-----------------------------------+
| | |o ooooo|Secondary Option |
+ | |ooooooo|Connector +
| +1--J3--+
Busy LED
80-pin SCSI Connector (Raid)
----------------------------
+--------------------------------------------------+
| Back View |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------+
| +-----------------------------------------+ |
| | J1 |
| +-----------------------------------------+ |
+----------Combination-Connector-------------------+
+ +
Jumpers
QUANTUM VP31110/32210 CAPELLA PRODUCT MANUAL 81-108335-01 4/95
Jumper Setting
==============
TERMPWR (Terminator Power)
--------------------------
Generally, the host is the only device on the SCSI bus required to
provide TERMPWR for the bus. To ensure that there is a sufficient
level of power along the entire SCSI bus, Digital Equipment
Corporation recommends that all devices on the SCSI bus supply
TERMPWR (if they are capable). SCSI devices are protected by a diode
or similar semiconductor to prevent back flow of the terminator
power when more than one device supplies this power.
NOTE
Model VP31110R/32210R drives do not supply TERMPWR. The SCA connector
does not accommadate this feature.
SCSI Connector
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
+-------------------
|
|
| o X
|
Configure the following model drives to provide TERMPWR by installing
the jumper as shown: VP31110/32210-W/WD
SCSI Bus Termination
--------------------
Both ends of the SCSI bus cable must be terminated. One end is
terminated at the host. The other end must be terminated by the last
SCSI device on the SCSI bus.
NOTE
Model VP31110/32210WD/R drives cannot provide bus termination.
When the Model VP31110/31110W and VP32210/32210W drive is the last
device on the SCSI bus, configure the drive to provide bus
termination.
VP31110/32210 Bus Termination
-----------------------------
Configure the drive to provide bus termination by performing this
step:
Install the two termination resistor pack SIPs (Single In-Line
Packages) on the PCBA. Note the orientation of pin 1 of the resistor
pack (shaded or marked area of SIP).
SCSI Power XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX +------------------------------------------+ | 1 1 | VP31110/32210 | xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx | | | | | | +-+ +----------+ | | |:|TERMPWR Termination SIPs | +-+Header |
SCSI ID (Address) Selection
---------------------------
Each device on the SCSI bus must have a unique SCSI ID number
assigned to it.
ID number for VP31110/32210 models (8-bit SCSI) range from 0 through
7. For W/WD models (16-bit SCSI), the numbers range from 0 through
15.
SCSI ID numbers for R models range from 0 through 7 for 8-bit
configurations and from 0 through 15 for 16-bit configurations.
Configure the SCSI ID of VP31110/32210-W/WD models by installing
jumper across the indicated Option connector pins. For R versions,
provide the proper open or ground signal input to the referenced pins
of the drive's 80-pin RAID connector.
SCSI ID - VP31110/32210 8-bit
-----------------------------
+----------+-----------------------+ +2--------20 | SCSI ID | Jumper Location | |ooo oooooo| Option | | PINS | |oooooooooo| Connector | | 5-6 | 3-4 | 1-2 | +1---------+ +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 0 | OPEN | OPEN | OPEN | +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 1 | OPEN | OPEN | CLOSED| +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 2 | OPEN | CLOSED| OPEN | +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 3 | OPEN | CLOSED| CLOSED| +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 4 | CLOSED| OPEN | OPEN | +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 5 | CLOSED| OPEN | CLOSED| +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 6 | CLOSED| CLOSED| OPEN | +----------+-------+-------+-------+ | 7 | CLOSED| CLOSED| CLOSED| +----------+-------+-------+-------+
SCSI ID - 16-bit R Models ------------------------- +----------+-------------------+ | SCSI ID | Jumper Location | | | ID3| ID2| ID1| ID0| | | P80| P40| P79| P39| +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 11 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 12 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 14 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | +----------+----+----+----+----+ | 15 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | +----------+----+----+----+----+
/----------------------79-\ |*************************80 RAID Connector |*************************40 +----------------------39-+
0 = OPEN, CKT, +2.4Vto V +0.5V 1 = GND, -0.5V to +0.4V
CAUTION
The 5-volt signals of two or more drives should NOT be connected
together or to any other current source by using the Option
connector. Doing so may cause drive malfunction or component damage.
Except when connecting several drives together for a spindle
synchronization application, do not connect the ground signals of two
or more drives together or to any other current source using the
Option connector. Doing so may introduce ground loop problems.
The following optional features can be configured according to your
system requirements. These features are model-dependent and include:
- Spindle Synchronization
- Write protection (not supported on R Models)
- Spin delay
Spindle Synchronization
-----------------------
Capella disk drives support synchronized spindle operation. Master
or slave synchronized operation is set through a SCSI Mode Select
Page.
When the drive operates as a Master, it generates a spindle
synchronization reference signal (SPINDLE_SYNC_REF L). When operating
as a slave, the drive synchronizes its spindle according to the
SPINDLE_SYNC_REF L input reference. The drive always maintains local
speed regulation when no reference signal is applied.
NOTE
The reference signal must originate from drives with the same
electronics modules. Fo example, connect Model VP31110 drive only
with another VP31110 or VP32210 drive. Do not connect the
SPINDLE_SYNC_REF L signal to that of any other series disk drive or
the drive may malfunction.
When connecting multiple drives together for spindle synchronization,
be sure to use proper cabling techniques to avoid ground loop
problems.
For Model VP31110/32210 drives (except SCA), pin 10 (Option
connector) is provided as an alternate SPINDL_SYNC_REL L connection
to facilitate installations where a 10-pin header is used to connect
several remote features. Pin 19 is provided to permit the use of a 2-
pin connector for SPINDL_SYNC_REF L connections. The ground return
is pin 20, although pins 2, 4, or 6 can be used for the ground
return.
+------------------20
|* * * 0 o o o o *| Option Connector
|o o o o o o o o o 0| * = LOGIC_GND L (Pins 2, 4, 6, 20)
+1------------------+ 0 = SPINDL_SYNC_REF L (pins 10, 19)
/-------------------------\
|*************************| RAID Connector
|*************************|
+---------------------37--+
+--- SPINDLE SYNC Pin 37
Write Protection 8-bit Drives
-----------------------------
+------------------20
|o o o o o o o X o| Option Connector
|o o o o o o o o X o|
+1------------------+
To write protect the drive, install a jumper across Option
connector pins 17 and 18. To disable write protection, remove the
jumper.
Spin Up Power On 8-bit Drives
-----------------------------
+------------------20
|o o o o o X o o o| Option Connector
|o o o o o o X o o o|
+1------------------+
Atlas drives have three Spin-Up on Power On modes:
- Option 1 Spin up occurs immediately when power is applied
- Option 2 Drive spins up occurs after a predetermined delay following power on. The delay is equal to a user-specified multiplier, multiplied by one plus the numerical SCSI ID of the drive.
- Option 3 Drive spin up is controlled by the START STOP UNIT command.
For Option 1, immediate spin up power on, install the jumper across
pins 13 and 14 of the Option connector.
For Option 2, spin up after a delay, install the jumper across pins
13 and 14 of the Option connector. Set delay parameters in the MODE
SELECT command, Quantum (Vendor) Special Function Control Page.
For Option 3, spin up controlled by the START STOP UNIT command,
remove the jumper (if present) from across pins 13 and 14 of the
Option connector.
Spin Up Power On 16-bit SCA
---------------------------
Configure the desired spin up option by setting the state of the
RMT_START (pin 38) and DLYD_START (pin 78) inputs to the 80-pin
SCA connector. The states of these signal are set by using either
hardwired connections at the backplane or backplane logic.
+--------+------------+----------+
|Option | DLYS_START | RMT_START|
| | PIN 78 | PIN 38 |
+--------+------------+----------+
| 1 | OPEN | OPEN | immediate
+--------+------------+----------+
| 2 | GROUND | OPEN | delayed (*1)
+--------+------------+----------+
| 3 | OPEN | GROUND | remote (*2)
+--------+------------+----------+
|RESERVED| GROUND | GROUND |
+--------+------------+----------+
*1 For Option 2, delayed spin-up, also set delay parameters in the
MODE SELECT command, Quantum (Vendor) Special Function Control
Page.
*2 Use the START STOP UNIT command for remote start-up.
Remote Features
Capella Series drives support the following remote features, which
can be configured at the drive's Option connector or RAID backplane:
- Remote SCSI ID selection
- Remote LED status display
Remote SCSI ID Selection
------------------------
The SCSI ID can be set remotely from an external (remote) switch or
control panel. For Model VP31110/31110W/31110WD drives and Model VP
32210/32210W/32210WD drives, this is accomplished using the Option
connector. For Model VP31110R/32210R drives, the outputs of remote
or external ID switches at the RAID system backplane take the place
of jumpers.
Configure drives for remote ID selection by removing the SCSI ID
jumpers (if present) from the SCSI ID pins. Then connect the leads
from the external selection switch to the referenced pins. Observe
the following guidelines while doing so.
- ID bit 0, at Pin 1, is the Least Significant bit.
- SCSI ID bits 0, 1, 2, and 3 are active LOW signals. That is, the bit is a 1 if the corresponding remote switch is closed to ground.
- For 8-bit drives, use pins 2, 4, and 6 as the associated ground returns for ID bits 0, 1, and 2 respectively. They can be used individually, or the ground returns of all three ID bits can be combined at pin 2, 4, or 6.
+------------------20
|* * * o o o o o o| Option Connector
|O O O o o o o o o o|
+1------------------+
* LOGIC_GND L (Pins 2, 4, 6)
O SCSI ID <0>, <1>, <2> L
(Pins 1, 3, 5)
To configure Model VP31110R/32210R drives, connect the output of the
remote or external switch to the RAID backplane instead of using
backplane jumpers or circuits.
Remote LED Status Display
-------------------------
Busy and Fault status for Model VP31110/32210-W/WD drives can be
monitored remotely by connecting a remote Busy and a remote Fault
display LED to the drive's Option connector or secondary Option
connector. R Model drives provide the output, ACTIVITY LED OUT,
which can be used to drive a user-supplied remote LED.
Busy status is monitored remotely by connecting the cathode side of the remote Fault LED to the FLT_OUT L pin. The anode side of the LED connects to the +5 VDC OUT pin.
Fault status can be monitored remotely by connecting the cathode side of the remote Fault LED of the BSY_OUT L pin. The anode side of the LED connects to +5 VDC OUT pin.
For R Model drives, the output ACTIVITY LED OUT (Pin 77) indicates the drive performing a SCSI operation. To utilize this output, connect the cathode of a user-supplied LED to the ACTIVITY LED OUT connection. The LED anode must be attached to the proper +5 VDC supply through an appropriate current-limiting resistor.
+------------------20
|o o o o o o o o o| Option Connector
|o o o o o o o o o o|
+1------------------+
| | +-- +5VDC OUT
| +---- BSY_OUT L
+------ FLT_OUT L
Install
QUANTUM VP31110/32210 CAPELLA PRODUCT MANUAL 81-108335-01 4/1995
Notes on installation
=====================
Drive mounting
--------------
horizontally vertically
+-----------------+ +--+ +--+ +------------------+
| | | +-----+ +-----+ | | |
| | | | | | | | |+----------------+|
+-+-----------------+-+ | | | | | | || ||
+---------------------+ | | | | | | || ||
| | | | | | || ||
| | | | | | || ||
+---------------------+ | +-----+ +-----+ | || ||
+-+-----------------+-+ +--+ +--+ || ||
| | || ||
| | || ||
+-----------------+ || ||
++----------------++
You can mount the disk drive in any position. LR models mount in RAID
storage subsystems. The drive (with bezel) attaches to the system bay
and accept #6-32 screws. Screws should not exceed 0.25 inch
(6.25 millimeters) in length, otherwise damage to the PCB may result.
Combination Connector - 8-bit
------------------------------
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Part Number | Vendor |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 12-41254-01 | Quantum |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 87711-502 | Berg Electronics (formerly Dupont Electronics)|
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
Includes 0.1-in pitch, 50-pin SCSI connector and 4-pin power
connector.
Combination Connector - 16-bit
-------------------------------
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Part Number | Vendor |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 12-43123-01 | Quantum |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 87360-0003 | Molex |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
Includes 68-pin SCSI connector, 4-pin power connector, and a
2-mm pitch, 12-pin (2x6) Option connector.
Option Connector - 8-bit
------------------------
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Part Number | Vendor |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 12-36484-08 | Quantum |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 954339-01-10-15 | 3M |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| P92-300-204-6 | AMP, Inc. |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 87049-2085 | Molex, Inc. |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
A 2-mm pitch, 19-pin (2x10) keyed (missing pin) connector
Secondary Option Connector - 16-bit
-----------------------------------
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Part Number | Vendor |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 12-36484-09 | Quantum |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| P93-300-204-7 | AMP |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 954339-01-07-15 | 3M |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
A 2-mm pitch, 13-pin (2x7) keyed (missing pin) connector
Shunt Jumper - All Models
-------------------------
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Part Number | Vendor |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 12-36482-01 | Quantum |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 86730-001 | Berg Electronics (formerly Dupont Electronics)|
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| LPC-SPG | Honda |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+
A 2-mm pitch shunt for configuring termination characteristics
RAID Connector - SCA Models --------------------------- +-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+ | Part Number | Vendor | +-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+ | 12-41319-01 | Quantum | +-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+ | SSC80-D01 | Specialty Electronics | +-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+ Champ 0.050 inch Series I 80-position plug
DC Power and pin connector assignments
--------------------------------------
+------------+ pin 1 +12 VDC
| 4 3 2 1 | pin 2 +12 Volts Return GROUND
+------------+ pin 3 + 5 Volts Return GROUND
pin 4 + 5 VDC
Mounting brackets may be required when installing the drive in a
5.25-inch form factor bay. We recommended using brackets supplied
by Quantum Corporation to mount the drive. Otherwise, the drive's
isolation characteristics could be compromised. A bracket kit
including four screws is available from the Quantum Corp. The part
number is 70-30695-01.
CAUTION The placement of the drive in the computer system must permit sufficient air-flow to maintain drive environment temperature within 41*CF to 131*F (+5*C to +55*C) and maintain component surface temperatures below the maximums.
CAUTION
Screw-length must not exceed 0.25-inch (6.25 millimeters); or the
drive may be damaged (#6-32).
Features
QUANTUM VP31110/32210 CAPELLA PRODUCT MANUAL 81-108335-01 4/1995
Product Description
-------------------
The VP31110/VP32210 disk drives are 3.5-inch, low-profile, high-
capacity, high-performance drives with formatted capacity of 1,103 MB
or 2,206 MB. The drives feature magneto-resistive (MR) read heads
which greatly increase the amount of storage available on a disk
surface and significantly improves the data integrity of the read/
write process. Drive performance reaches an average seek time of 7.9
ms, an achievable interface transfer rate up to 20MB/s, and an
instanttaneous media transfer rate of 46.5 to 70.9 Mb/s.
The drives use a 512KB segmented-cache buffer for improved caching
performance. The drives provide data integrity by using parity check-
ing, end-to-end error detection codes (EDC) and a 198-bit error
correction code (ECC) on each data block stored.
Caching
-------
Cache is RAM used as intermediate storage between the initiator and
the disk. System performance is improved by placing data in RAM,
which is a higher performance memory, avoiding a disk access. Since
most reads and writes are sequential, caching data beyond that
actually requested yields increased throughput for most applications.
Segmented Buffer
----------------
The drive features a 512 KB segmented buffer that maximizes the cache
hit rate for sequential read streams. The cache is organized as
separate track line segments. Each track line segment can hold data
from one complete track on the media, temporarily assuming the
identity of that corresponding track for all input/output functions.
A segment can be thought of as intermediate storage in the form of a
ring buffer maintained in the drive's on-board RAM. When servicing a
READ Command, the drive temporarily stores data in the ring buffer.
When servicing a WRITE Command, the drive fetches data from the host
and temporarily stores it in a ring buffer as well. Several SCSI DASD
options assume the presence of this intermediate storage.
As soon as a head arrives at a track containing requested data, the
drive starts to read into the assigned cache track at the first byte
after completion of the seek. The drive then reads the following
bytes in that track and even the preceing bytes, until the cache
track line contains a complete copy of all data stored in the
corresponding media track. (If interrupted by a new SCSI command,
the drive stores the appropriate pointers and completes this reading
sequence after completing the interrupt.)
Write Caching
-------------
The drive can also do write caching. With write caching, writes are
considered complete when the data are in the drive's data cache,
before they written on the disk. The drive is able to combine writes
from multiple commands to deliver higher performance. It is
recommended that the system integrator provide a non-interruptable
source of power for optimal write caching reliability.
Disconnect/Reconnect
--------------------
System throughput is improved by disconnecting the drive from the
initiator during time-consuming physical position operations to free
the SCSI bus for other I/O processes. The Disconnect/Reconnect
function is controlled by the ASABET processor, greatly reducing the
time required for the operation.
After the drive has determined that there will be a delay, it
disconnects from the SCSI bus by sending a SAVE DATA POINTER and
DISCONNECT message to enter the BUS FREE phase.
When the drive is ready to resume data transfer, it arbitrates for
the SCSI bus. Upon winning arbitration, it reconnects to the
initiator an dsends an IDENTIFY message via the MESSAGE IN phase.
This revives the I_T_L nexus so the initiator can retrieve the
correct set of data pointers for the I/O process. The initiator
restores the active pointers to their most recent saved values, and
the drive continues to finish the original I/O process. The enhanced
capabilities of the ASABET processor increases throughput.
A forced disconnect is implemented through the Mode Select Command
(15h) Disconnect/Reconnect page (02h).
Media Error Protection
----------------------
To verify that data reads are correct, an Error Correction Code
(ECC) is calculated and stored with each block of data written. The
code is recalculated on readout and used to correct errors that are
detected. The larger the ECC, the greater its correction capability.
The Capella drives use a 198-bit ECC. This size ECC allows correction
of up to a 73-bit error burst per data sector. In comparison,
competitive drives may use only a 56- or 88-bit ECC with attendant
poorer performance. In addition, an error burst of 25 bits can be
corrected "on the fly" (by hardware) with no delay processing.
Transfer Error Protection
-------------------------
Although ECC protects against faults in the media, the entire data
path must also be protected. The drive uses end-to-end error
detection code (EDC) to protect data from errors that may be intro-
duced by the connecting busses, the disk controller chip, the data
cache, or the SCSI interface.
The EDC is computed from the data and the LBA as it arrives from the
SCSI bus (after SCSI bus parity is checked). The EDC is written to
disk along with the data. When a block is read, the EDC is
recalculated and compared against the EDC that was written on disk.
This operation protects against transfer errors introduced anywhere
on the internal data path.
Embedded Servo System
---------------------
Embedded servo information is written in a spoke configuration, 72
times on every track, on every disk surface. The spokes (or headers)
consist of quadrature analog pattern and digital address data. The
digital portion of the spoke data are read and used to locate the
desired track, spoke, and head number. The quadrature analog signal
portion is detected and used by a servo feedback control loop to
precisely position the head on the track center.
Spindle Synchronization
-----------------------
Spindle Synchronization is the process of causing the disk assemblies
in several disk drives to rotate to the same address location at the
same time. Synchronization is used in RAID (redundant arrays of
independent devices) mass storage systems, allowing a set of disk
drives to function as one drive.
To accomplish this, sector 0, track 0 of each drive must be under the
read/write heads at exactly the same time. With spindle
synchronization, all the drives are locked to the same relative
position.
If all the drives are synchronized exactly, the time used to access
one drive results in the next drive passing the correct position.
This problem is resolved by using an offset that is the sum of the
transmission delays of the interconnecting bus cable, data transfer
times, and the rotational latency of the drives.
Knowing how long it takes to set up an I/O operation and transfer
data to a drive, the SCSI controller can send the data to one drive
and, while that data is being transferred, set up the I/O transfer
to the next one. When the current transfer is complete, the
controller is ready to transfer the next, and so on.
Spindle Synchronization is controlled by the Rigid Disk Geometry and
(Vendor) Special Function Control pages of the MODE SELECT command.
Special Functions
-----------------
Quantum has incorporated a number of unique options into the drive.
The (Vendor) Special Function Control page is used to control these
options. The options include:
- Spin Delay - delays the spin-up of the drive to reduce startup load of system power.
- Initiate Synchronous Data Transfer Negotiation - a toggle-type parameter that allows the initiator to move between asynchronous and synchrounous modes of data transfer.
- Slow Cable - adds an additional delay to REQ/ACK for very long bus cables.
- Force Disconnect - the drive can be forced to disconnect from the SCSI bus after a SCSI Command is received in order to reduce on-bus time. Force Disconnect works only when a typical, error-free command is received.
- Spindle Sync Check Interval - specifies the time, in minutes, of the interval between spindle synchronization status checks.
- Stagger Spin Delay - specifies the time in 100 ms increments of the delay the drive uses in the spin-up delay formula, allowing a series of drives to be spin up at staggered time intervals.
Banded recording
----------------
In banded recording, the disk is divided into multiple bands or
partitions (also called notches or bit-zoned areas). Starting at
inner band, each next outer band has a hihger recording frequency.
The VP31110/32210 drives have 11 bands. The use of multiple-frequency
recording greatly increases the capacity of the drive.
Diagnostics
-----------
The drive has extensive diagnostic capabilities, including those
described below:
power-up self-test, periodic self-adjustments, and host diagnostics.
Power-Up Self-Test
------------------
The disk drive performs a self-diagnostic test immediately at power
up. If the drive fails its self-diagnostic tests, it will report
sense information but will not spin up.
The drive diagnostics test the following:
- Drive master microprocessor
- RAM and ROM chips
- Buffer memory
- Gate array chips
- Read/write encoding circuits
- Basic servo functions
- SCSI interface control circuits
Following a selection time after power-on, the disk drive is able to
respond with appropriate status and sense data to the TEST UNIT
READY, INQUIRY, and REQUEST SENSE commands.
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